Which of the following terms means "farther from the head"?

The term that accurately means "farther from the head" is "inferior." In anatomical terminology, "inferior" is used to describe structures that are lower in position compared to another structure, thus indicating that they are farther away from the head or above reference point.

The other terms in the list have different meanings. "Proximal" refers to a position that is closer to the origin of a limb or the trunk of the body, and "distal" indicates a position that is farther from the origin or trunk, which is opposite to what is being asked. "Superior," on the other hand, signifies a position that is higher or closer to the head, which again does not align with the question’s requirement.

Therefore, "inferior" appropriately describes the relationship of being farther from the head, providing a clear understanding of anatomical positioning.